Explaining patterns and trends in health Essay

There are numerous approaches to quantify examples of sick wellbeing; these incorporate mortality, bleakness, wellbeing occasions, sickness rate, illness commonness and wellbeing observation. These are; Morbidity Rates is what number of people experience the ill effects of the infection at a given time. Death Rates is what number of people kick the bucket from experiencing the sickness and wellbeing occasions people monitoring medical problems, for example, the NHS giving data about the principle concern. Sickness frequency is the opportunity of the individual being analyzed. Sickness Prevalence is the means by which the extent of the populace is experiencing the malady. Wellbeing Surveillance distinguishes early indications of sick wellbeing and approach to forestall and secure. There are numerous social gatherings which can impact an individual’s wellbeing and way of life both emphatically and adversely. These are; Gender which is simply whether you are male or female. Age w hich is the way old an individual is the point at which the information is recorded. Social Class which isn't intended to in any case be around as we should live in a boorish society were the class of individuals doesn't make a difference. Hazard Behavior which is sure types of conduct which are demonstrated to be related with expanded vulnerability to a specific infection of sick wellbeing. Ethnicity which is the condition of having a place with a specific social gathering that has a typical national or social custom. Region which is the position or site of something. The orders of social classes are the five class conspire Register Generals Social Class (RGSC) WHICH IS: I †Professional Occupational, II †Managerial and Technical Occupational, III †Skilled Occupational, Manual (M) and Non-Manual (N). IV †Partly â€skilled Occupational and V †Unskilled Occupational. NS-SEC represents the National Statistics Socio-Economic Classification which is: 1 †senior experts/ranking directors, 2 †Associate experts/Junior chiefs, 3 †Other managerial and administrative specialists, 4-Own record non-expert and 5-Supervisors, professionals and related laborers. 6 †Intermediate laborers, 7-different specialists and 8 †never worked/other dormant. In 1980 the dark report was then distributed. It had been commissionedâ approximately 30 years after the establishing of the NHS and gave an analysis about how the UK had done in accommodating the strength of its populace. The report reasoned that there was a less fortunate wellbeing experience for the lower word related gatherings at all phases throughout everyday life. These were; Gender - Men and ladies in occupation class V had over multiple times higher possibility of biting the dust before arriving at the retirement age than those in word related class I. †during childbirth and during the main month of life the danger of death in groups of untalented specialists was twofold that of expert families. †Boys in class V had a ten times more noteworthy possibility of kicking the bucket from fire, falls or scowling than those in class I †The distinction between the soundness of men and lady demonstrated that the danger of death for men in every social class was twice t hat for ladies. †Difference in the wellbeing encounters of various racial ethnic gatherings are additionally recognized. Age Health imbalance exists in our general public and despite the fact that they influence various zones they are interlinked. Acheson (1998) said ‘health imbalances influences the entire society and can be recognized from baby to old age’ Locality From the dark report I can see that were you live can influence your odds for getting a sickness or malady. We find that demise rates for CHD for those conceived I the Indian sub-mainland were 38% higher for men and 45% higher for ladies than rates inside the UK. Social Groups The wellbeing hole among rich and poor in the UK has augmented since 1980 and class is the primary center of disparities any place they are distinguished. They found that the logical proof backings a financial clarification of wellbeing imbalances which are brought about by variables, for example, pay, training, work, condition and way of life. The report made three key proposals to the legislature. These are; †All arrangements are probably going to affect wellbeing ought to be assessed as far as their effect on wellbeing imbalances. †A high need ought to be given to the soundness of families with kids. †Further advances ought to be taken to diminish pay disparities and improve the expectations for everyday comforts of poor families. Dangers of Behavior Consistent passing rates in Europe have arrived at their absolute bottom in the whole history of human culture. The twentieth century has seen an emotional drop in the pace of irresistible ailment, just as the presentat ion of treatments for its treatment. Basic reasons for death which have enormously debilitated, for example, TB and diphtheria were frequently connected to destitution and material deprivation. Ethnicity One of the most significant components of imbalance in contemporary Britain is race. Settlers to this nation from the supposed new Commonwealth, whose ethnic personality is unmistakably noticeable in the shade of their skin, are known to encounter more noteworthy trouble in looking for some kind of employment and sufficient lodging. The various examples and patterns that I include discovered inside my own exploration about liquor related passings joins with maturing, Ethnicity, Risks of conduct, Locality, Gender and social gatherings. Sexual orientation and Aging Males matured 30 and over are essentially more probable than females to kick the bucket of liquor related causes over 66% of all liquor related passings in the UK (in 2011 were among guys). Guys matured 30 and over were altogether almost certain than females o bite the dust from liquor related causes. For both genders, the quantity of alcohol0related passings expanded forcefully from the 25-multi year mature age gathering, expanding to 838 for guys and 411 for females matured 55 to 59. After this age, the quantity of liquor related passings started to diminish consistently for guys over each age bunch decreasing to 92 for those over the age of 85. The decay across age bunches was increasingly continuous in females, dropping to 81 in the 85 and over age gathering. 45-49year elderly people men have kicked the bucket from liquor related demise by 32,000 yet from females it goes to 14,000. Area Data for Scotland and Northern Ireland are distributed independently. Somewhere in the range of 2007 and 2010 male liquor related passing rates were essentially higher in grains than in England. A multi year decrease in male demise rates in ridges implies this distinction is not, at this point noteworthy. The table shows drinking propensities by district in 2012 show individuals over the age of 16 who devours liquor week after week, for example, in the north east individuals who drink up to 3-4 units are 46% contrasted with North West who drink up to 3-4 units are 42%. Social Groups The table shows savoring propensities pregnancy in 2012. Ladies who are pregnant have devoured liquor in the most recent week is 10% contrasted with ladies who are not pregnant and uncertain are 53%. Ethnicity This table shows drinking propensities by ethnicity in 2012 for indi viduals who have drank liquor inside the most recent week is 58% and the individuals who have drank liquor at least five events a week ago is 11%.

s First Dialogue

Berkeley’s First Dialog is one of the three discoursed among Hylas and Philonous, contrary to doubters and skeptics. The discourse initiates with a startling gathering among Philonous and Hylas. Philonous remarks that he is amazed to see Hylas in the nursery, so Hylas answers that he is there in light of the fact that he was unable to rest. The explanation behind this being he had a difficult which must be relieved with nature’s electrifying excellence. His concern was of â€Å"considering the odd destiny of those men who have in all ages, through a gesture of being recognized from the revolting, or some untouchable turn of thought, imagined either to think nothing by any stretch of the imagination, or to accept the most indulgent things in the world† (Philosophic Classics, 653). In tending to Hylas’s trouble, Philonous looked to demonstrate his own â€Å"absurdity,† keeping up that â€Å"no such thing as material substance [exists] in the world† as a reasonable finding. After a progression of normal problems prompting the glorification of his insightful hypothesis, Philonous proceeds with his talk: However, for your more distant fulfillment, take this alongside you: that which at different occasions appears to be sweet, will, to a distempered sense of taste, show up severe. Also, nothing can be plainer than that jumpers people see various preferences for a similar food; since that which one man savors the experience of, another despises. What's more, how could this be, if the taste was something extremely intrinsic in the food?† (659) The above citation fundamentally implies that â€Å"one man’s junk is another man’s treasure.† Philonous’ (Berkeley’s) perspective on (joy and agony) is particularly sensible, for it is a widespread clichã © that is still be applied to present day man. Delight and torment are two distinct feelings or sensations, yet they are indeed the very same. One man may infer joy through looking for wicked retribution, while another man may grieve the demise of his adored confidant. â€Å"Warmth is as extraordinary a joy as h... 's First Dialog Free Essays on Berkeley's First Dialog Berkeley’s First Dialog is one of the three exchanges among Hylas and Philonous, contrary to doubters and agnostics. The discourse starts with an unforeseen gathering among Philonous and Hylas. Philonous remarks that he is amazed to see Hylas in the nursery, so Hylas answers that he is there in light of the fact that he was unable to rest. The explanation behind this being he had a difficult which must be relieved with nature’s electrifying magnificence. His concern was of â€Å"considering the odd destiny of those men who have in all ages, through a gesture of being recognized from the obscene, or some untouchable turn of thought, imagined either to think nothing by any stretch of the imagination, or to accept the most luxurious things in the world† (Philosophic Classics, 653). In tending to Hylas’s trouble, Philonous looked to demonstrate his own â€Å"absurdity,† keeping up that â€Å"no such thing as material substance [exists] in the world† as a sane conclusion. After a progression of discerning problems prompting the glorification of his rational hypothesis, Philonous proceeds with his talk: Be that as it may, for your more remote fulfillment, take this alongside you: that which at different occasions appears to be sweet, will, to a distempered sense of taste, show up severe. What's more, nothing can be plainer than that jumpers people see various preferences for a similar food; since that which one man thoroughly enjoys, another detests. What's more, how could this be, if the taste was something extremely inalienable in the food?† (659) The above citation fundamentally implies that â€Å"one man’s garbage is another man’s treasure.† Philonous’ (Berkeley’s) perspective on (joy and agony) is particularly sensible, for it is an all inclusive clichã © that is still be applied to present day man. Joy and torment are two distinct feelings or sensations, yet they are indeed the very same. One man may infer joy through looking for ridiculous vengeance, while another man may grieve the demise of his dearest companion. â€Å"Warmth is as extraordinary a delight as h...

Dont Neglect Your Creative Side

Don’t Neglect Your Creative Side First off, congratulations to the Class of 2012! From what I hear you guys are amazing. I cant wait to meet you. And to those of you who werent offered admission, youre just as amazing. I regret that we wont be able to meet on MITs campus, but hopefully Ill see you around in the real world. And now, with the congratulations out of the way, its time to get to the meat of this post. MIT is the greatest place I know to study any sort of math and science. Walking through the new Center for Theoretical Physics , Im struck by how much this place seems like an academic ivory tower. Nothing made that more apparent than standing in front of a chalkboard with three other students listening to the incredible Robert Jaffe explain the intricacies of quantum scattering from a one-dimensional coulomb potential. I cant imagine that kind of one-on-one attention being too common. The low student-to-faculty ratio is definitely something you should take advantage of during your time here. Your opportunities are only limited by the amount of sleep you need (or in some cases, the amount of caffeine you can ingest before losing your sense of sanity). While the opportunities in math and science are boundless, Id like to take this opportunity to remind you that there is more to life than just differential equations and chemical reactions. Going to MIT helps to give you the tools you need to change the world. Lets not forget that there actually is a world out there, a world that exists outside our little academic ivory tower. In my senior year I realized that Ive perhaps dedicated too much time to purely technical pursuits. And Ive begun to feel a certain yearning to do something completely different. My sophomore year I took up writing. First writing about pure science in the class The Science Essay (which I highly recommend) and eventually progressing to full-fledged fiction. I still make time to write, even if its only a page a week. Right now Im working on a piece combining fiction and science. Its titled Through the Double-Slit: Adventures in Quantumland, and its about (you guessed it) quantum mechanics. The story is inspired by Alice in Wonderland, and the style by the book the Phantom Tollbooth, one of the seminal books of my childhood. Im also learning to play the piano. I find that Im particularly fond of the work of Erik Satie. So what does this mean for you? Basically, dont lock yourself in your room and run numerical simulations for your entire undergraduate career. Try something new. Find something you love, something completely different from your everyday life, and stick with it. Dont neglect the side of yourself that would rather fingerpaint than do stochastic calculus. Youll enjoy your time here more if you get a full experience, rather than one covering only the sorcery of mathematics. And now, it is 11:30 PM and I have an entire quantum mechanics pset and a biodiesel cost analysis due in the next 48 hours, neither of which I have started (because Ive been practicing piano). And I have a cheesecake to bake for my girlfriends birthday. Nothing like a well-rounded life to keep you busy.

Cathy Queen Of Cats Racism Essay - 913 Words

Racism is directly discussed in Esperanza’s neighborhood by describing how the outsiders see the Hispanic residents. The outsiders that have moved in or just happen to drive down the streets â€Å"Those who dont know any better come into our neighborhood scared. They think were dangerous. They think we will attack them with shiny knives.† (28). Before even meeting the people, the outsiders assume the residents are bad people ready to hurt others just from others discriminatory remarks. This, too, is one of the reasons Cathy and her parents consider members of their neighborhood to be â€Å"bad.† In â€Å"Cathy Queen of Cats,† Esperanza is introduced to Cathy, her first friend on Mango Street. However, Cathy can only be Esperanza’s friend until next†¦show more content†¦Even the girls’ dress-up game becomes dangerous as they walk down the streets in the high heels, past a wide variety of men. Some men, like Mr. Benny, try to warn the girls of the potential dangers of wearing those shoes around this neighborhood, saying â€Å"them shoes are dangerous† (41). However, the girls are too excited about being a grown-up, they ignore his warnings and continue walking down the streets. Other men, like the bum man, try and take advantage of the vulnerable girls young age by persuading them to do things that are inappropriate. No one should be sexualizeing you girls due to their pretty shoes and young boys wearing fancy shoes would have never been in that position because most people believe women to be passive, but men to be aggressive.. Even Esperanzas has a heard a thing or two about women being placed in submissive roles â€Å"She was a horse woman too, born like me in the Chinese year of the horse – which is supposed to be bad luck if youre born female – but I think this is a Chinese lie because the Chinese, like the Mexicans, dont like their women strong.† (10) The fact that she is most li kely right due to the submissive position both cultures put women into only added to the pressure Esperanza must be feeling about being different and more

One Simple Tip About Pop Culture Topic Essay Samples Exposed

One Simple Tip About Pop Culture Topic Essay Samples Exposed Your writing has to be brief and concise. You need to make sure you plan your paper out so you create a cohesive piece. The essay is also an opportunity for those readers of your application to have a feel for you as somebody. Again, avoiding the impression that only 1 sort of writing is accomplished by the author is critical. The Pop Culture Topic Essay Samples Cover Up Action movies are usually loud and have lots of fighting, racing, and adventurous things in the movie. Horror movies on the opposite hand have lots of scary things in the movies. People in reality shows can influence teenagers to make more drama because of all of the drama that's produced on the show. Television shows like Teen Mom can make teenagers feel that it's fine to get pregnant at a youthful age. Popular culture and societal ideals have zero connection. Virtue requires the proper desire and the most suitable reason. Before discussing the function of society, it should be clarified what we actually mean by society. Generally, a society usually means a huge group of folks residing in a place or within a country below the control of same laws, values and culture. Music also glamorizes promiscuity and relations with numerous people simultaneously. After deciding what topic to concentrate on, students will want to appear deeply into the culture they're so involved in so that they can definitely see how they're affected. They can choose any topic for their culture essay, but they need to make sure that their readers are knowledgeable about the culture they are going to write about. Vital Pieces of Pop Culture Topic Essay Samples The secret is in locating the suitable factor to write about. If you are in need of a fantastic culture essay example but have no clue how to choose one, try to remember that you are able to get superior help with your assignments at any moment. Just make certain that you get information you have to have in writing so you are not going to have much a difficult time getting started. At times, the best method to learn and understand new information is via seeing and understanding work which is already completed. N ew Step by Step Roadmap for Pop Culture Topic Essay Samples What you should do is to talk about the topic. Always keep in mind that the crucial element to have an excellent writing is to realize the topic. It's also preferable that the chosen theme isn't overused because it is able to make your teacher get rid of interest in your essay and quit reading it altogether. Drafting and planning along with researching should be done in order to have a simple writing. The essay cannot be written according to standard essay scheme due to the reason that the thesis statements along with conclusions are blurry. Do not present any new evidence but also do not attempt to make it like a very simple summary. Everything is based on the kind of essay you are handling. Also, you can look for sample expository essay topics so you will understand what to research and that which you will deal with. If you should locate a topic for your essay by yourself, give attention to the web. It can be difficult to choose 1 thing to concentrate on from the many pop culture essay topics accessible to write about. The Do's and Don'ts of Pop Culture Topic Essay Samples It's advantageous since it makes a frequent ground for people from vastly different backgrounds. Although plenty of people from common professions are unlikely to produce your list, for example firemen, there has to be some well-known figures that have had an impact for you. Pop culture is a vast field of distinct points it's possible to cover with your paper. The majority of people can identify what's being displayed in the painting, as a result of image being pulled from popular culture. The Unexpected Truth About Pop Culture Topic Essay Samples Teachers tend to understand about pop culture because they around young people on a normal basis. Teenagers are affected by pop culture in nearly every facet of life whether it's music, media, celebrities, fashion, and sometimes even literature. They believe that they must look like the celebrities do because they're rich and famous. They think that because celebrities wear something specific, they should too. Folks will purchase clothing based on what their favourite celebrities wear. The movies that we watch isn't effected by social networking. Pop culture is a rather intriguing topic to explore, especially if you truly like its products. It can be intriguing to take a look at what trends become popular and the length of time they last.

The impact of migration on families around the world Free Essays

Migration has been an on going phenomena from past to present. Individuals, families or group of people may leave a country voluntarily because of events such as harsh environmental or economic conditions. Migration has always been an important part of human endeavour. We will write a custom essay sample on The impact of migration on families around the world or any similar topic only for you Order Now Migration can have positive and negative impacts on the families and also the country. With pros such as freedom, job vacancies and benefits to host country, it’s no surprise most people don’t have second thoughts about the cons such as effects on child, decrease in economy and propagation of diseases. Firstly migrants frequently settle in places with lesser population. These places would be having a shortage of skilled labour due to the decreased population. The migrants bring with them enough skills that will help support the economy. The migrants may be skilled people like doctors or unskilled people like construction workers. Migrants may increase unemployment in certain areas, but this is compensated by their raising the overall level of demand like housing and household related goods, needs†¦This promotes both a higher level and a wider range of goods and services produced, stimulating the economy and job growth. Migrants help to reduce labor shortages and also attract international traders through their foreign knowledge and language skills. Secondly migrants will be usually willing to fill job vacancies that local people are unwilling to fill. These include jobs such as babysitting, cleaning and other activities. This is an advantage for the existing community. Migration benefits not only the migrants, but also the countries that receive them, and even the countries they have left. Migrants doing these jobs live a happy and free life in a country where they get equal opportunity and thereby secure a better future for themselves and their families. For many young people, the experience and skills they acquire in the jobs to which they have migrated can serve as a step to further migration for better paid jobs. In addition to this researchers concur unanimously in reporting that migratory workers use part of their savings from working to improve their homes, whether by decorating them, extending them or introducing basic services such as electricity, water and drainage. Similarly, it is common to find that localities with migrants benefit from their contributions by receiving monetary support that helps them to improve diverse services, whether urban infrastructure, health, religious, educational or entertainment services. In towns with migrants it is common to find acknowledgments from the residents to their fellow townsmen for having helped them build a school or health clinic, or to introduce drinking water or build or improve the church,†¦. However the importance of keeping in regular contact: e-mails and text messages can in no way substitute for the physical presence of a parent, but they can help a child feel connected with family members who are away. Finally, there is the importance of the family’s relations and communication before the migration. Many parents presumably do not migrate unless they think their children can cope in the first place. A factor found to be extremely important is the child’s understanding of, and support for, the family goal. In fact, an individual’s migration can be highly valued within a family: it can give status, not only for the material objects the migration may bring, but in more symbolic form of being the family member who gives for others. Some of these observations might be extrapolated to the situation of children affected by HIV and AIDS. Moreover it is generally believed that those migrants who have had the courage to leave one country and move to another are often enterprising and entrepreneurial, even if poor. As such, in many countries, migrants often set up small businesses. They however, become easy targets when the general economic conditions in that host country worsen. In other cases, people become migrants because they have fleed worsening conditions or persecution. In that situation, although they may live in another country, it may initially be quite difficult to adapt and change practices and customs. In such situations migrants are clearly seen as different and in worsening economic times can be seen as sapping away resources that could otherwise have been used for local populations. Furthermore migrating parents may decide, whether by choice or due to untenable circumstances to leave their children in their country of origin, planning either to return to their household of origin or to reunite much later in their destination country. The decision of one or both parents to migrate and consequently, to leave children behind, may be the result of an individual altruistic decision to send remittances in order to make their family members’ lives better, or the result of household utility maximization that may take into consideration also the risks and perils of travel. Children whose parents are working abroad have a similar profile to those living in mono-parental families resulting from the parents’ separation or from the death of one parent. This shows that, although the work abroad is temporary, the impact on the children could be similar to that of the loss of a parent, through divorce or death. In conclusion, children whose parents are working abroad should be considered at risk. That would be a first recommendation to children protection authorities, who should find solutions to strengthen the relations between school and the social services system. For many migrants, migration represents an alternative for supporting their families. Nevertheless, while going to work abroad contributes significantly to household incomes, it also has many social costs. Migration also affects social relations. Migration also changes the roles within the family additional tasks must be assumed by those left behind. How to cite The impact of migration on families around the world, Papers

Writing a Great Research Summary and where to Get Help

Writing a Great Research Summary and where to Get Help on it Academic writing doesn’t revolve around essays only, it extends to research papers too. As you move through different stages of your education, assignments become more demanding and you engage in more projects. Students participate or create their own researches about a certain topic. Not only do you have to publish the entire research, but you also need to create a summary. In most cases, students get an assignment to do a research summary for some other important study. Here, the professor wants to evaluate your skills in formal writing. Regardless of the scenario (your research or some other study), research summary can be a demanding task, but you can make it easier. Scroll down to find out how. Research Summary Purpose A research summary is defined as a professional piece of academic writing. The goal of a summary is to describe a research to a prospective audience. Throughout the research summary, an author provides the reader with a brief overview of the whole study. So, you just have to sum up the original file? Although this seems very easy, research summaries belong to the group of the most demanding academic assignments. To write a high-quality paper, it is crucial to identify the most important information from the research and condense it for a reader (or more of them). The information you choose has to be explained briefly, but thoroughly. It needs to describe the important revelations from the original file, but in a way that captures reader’s attention. Consider research summary as an introduction to the big research. How to write a Good Research Summary Research summary requires a formal approach and needs to be on the level of other academic works. Nervous? Sure, this type of paper requires a great deal of effort, but it’s not the most difficult job in the world. With this checklist and our guide, you’ll learn more about the information you need to include into summary and speed up the process on your own or with our help. Improve your research papers writing. Raise our grades! Here’s how: Research Summary Outline (Tips) Think about your target audience – golden rule of writing is to always consider your target audience and research summary is not an exception. Why? Different people have different needs and your paper should meet the needs and preferences of the target audience. Ask yourself â€Å"who am I writing for?†, write down the answer and you’ll find it easier to pinpoint research articles for the summary Save time – research summary requires more time, it’s not something one can finish in an hour. Some students spend 5 or 6 hours summarizing their extensive research. Although dissecting one large work into a small paper takes time, you can finish quicker if you scan the paper from top to bottom prior to the writing process. Read carefully everything you’ve written from the abstract to a conclusion and it will be clearer what to include in the summary. Consider omitting the summary of literature review, but this decision depends on the target audience Length – research summaries vary in length. The general rule of thumb is that summary should meet the criteria of no more than 10% of the number of the pages in the original document. In most cases, it takes 2 and 4 pages Visual representation – it’s not just about writing a long text and analysis of some subject by using the information you find, both research and its summary need visuals for full effect. Sometimes a simple diagram or graph can say a lot of the information you tried to convey. A common mistake that students make is leaving visuals for the original file and omitting them in the summary. Feel free to include tables, figures, and other visual supplements to this paper too Research Summary Structure and Organization Headline – the first contact between the research summary and a reader is its title. Headline acts as a hook that attracts reader’s attention and makes them want to read the rest of the content. Generally, headlines formed as questions work perfectly. At the beginning of the writing process, it may be tricky to come up with a headline. Instead, create it once you’re done with writing, you’ll have plenty of ideas to use What is this research about? (3-5 sentences) – introduce your research and its primary objective. Consider this part as an announcement of some event, you need to provide necessary details to ensure audience understands everything and wants to learn more. Define important terms from the research paper, especially if they aren’t common knowledge. And don’t forget to include the research question Methods (5-10 sentences) – research summary (and original file) aren’t just about findings that are of huge interest for the topic, methods also matter. Once you’ve explained the purpose of the research, move on to describe the methodology and elaborate how researchers collected data and include examples of questions that were asked. The section should also include the number of people who completed questionnaires and surveys, the total number of participants in larger studies both eligible ones and those who met the criteria for further research, etc. Ideally, you should never under any circumstances skip the sample size because it suggests how generalizable the findings are Findings (5-10 sentences) – this section is unavoidable. After researchers or scientists implemented their methods, what did they discover? Describe key findings from the study itself. Don’t waste your time including every finding from a specific study, just the key points. This saves time and ensures the summary is written in a concise manner. When describing findings, try to be specific. Always use exact information about a number of people who reported/experienced/did something. Use bulleted lists for better organization How can you use the research? (3-7 sentences) – describe how findings from the research can be used by practitioners in different fields e.g. education, medicine, or anything else relevant to the topic. Identify who would be interested in the results of the study Conclusion (3-4 sentences) – this section tells a reader what he/she needs to know about the research. Basically, this is a short overview of the summary that compiles key points of the study and its finding into a single section. It can be practical to include this section into a highlighted box on the top right-hand side of the first page Original research file – a citation and link to the original file About researchers – 1-2 sentences short info about each researcher who participated in the study References – always cite sources you use while writing, particularly when the paper has a tremendous importance such as research summary Keywords – don’t forget to add them if you’re uploading the summary to an online database About summary – a short section where you write a few sentences about the team who compiled the summary Research Summary Help Now that you know what to include in your summary, our tutorial can proceed to explain how you can write this paper faster. What can we do for you? Where to find help if you want to do the summary on your own? Let’s see. By Markers Expectations / Rubrics Content – research summary should describe the topic, research techniques, and other facts about the original file in a specific manner. No need to go into a great detail, that’s what the big paper is for. Feel free to include at least one sentence about the importance of your research to show how someone can benefit from it. Strive to include not more than three primary keywords when describing your work, if you decide to use keywords of course. The golden rule is that keywords should fit naturally into the text. Our professional writing service creates a well-structured research summary content that highlights the important information to capture reader’s attention Clear Organization – the structure of a research summary goes beyond quality content but extends to the way it’s organized. Divide the paper into small paragraphs representing some specific thought or idea. Vary paragraph length to add more rhythm to your paper Style – adhere religiously to the guidelines recommended by a professor or school (when applicable), use formal language and plain sentences, avoid passive voice whenever you can. Vary sentence length to avoid writing too many long or short sentences in a row. Meet required word count (if provided) and don’t forget to format your paper. Style and formatting are equally important but largely overlooked. With our help, your research paper will be perfectly styled and formatted to enhance quality of the content Coordination with CV – when writing a section about a team who compiled the summary, feel free to include some details from your CV. Think about information about your professional or academic career that reader should know and write it down. You can also name research summary on your CV By Service: Writing the process of writing a research summary can take hours. The paper should represent your research perfectly but in a concise and cohesive fashion. Students and researchers can speed up the process in more ways than one. You can hire a professional writing service that will create the summary following the instructions, latest standards, and academic criteria. Our writers have years of experience in research summary writing and know how to approach this type of a paper for maximum efficiency. If you want to write the summary on your own, you can use ’s Magic Help and RobotDon to make the process faster Editing – services of editing and proofreading are ideal for students and researchers who just finished writing their summary. One can never be objective toward their own work which makes us overlook typos and other mistakes. Every mistake tarnishes the quality of your paper. Our proofreaders and editors scan and check the research summary to correct grammar and spelling mistakes, punctuation and syntax errors, poor sentence structure, references, you name it Research Summary FAQ (People -Also Ask) Who chooses a research summary writer when I submit my order? You do. Unlike many other professional writer services, gives the clients full control over the process. Once the order is submitted, writers start sending bids and you (as a client) choose the perfect candidate for your assignment. Can I trust your writers? A research summary is an important academic paper, after all. The importance of a well-written research summary is undeniable and your assignment will be in good hands. s takes a professional approach to every assignment, regardless of the type of paper you need to write. We take every task seriously and writers who want to join our collective must meet a set of criteria that prove their skills, knowledge, writing, ability to meet academic requirements and deliver their assignment according to the scheduled deadline. In order to work for us, they have to pass rigorous tests so you can trust them entirely. Do you protect my privacy and identity? Customer satisfaction and safety are our main concerns. We employ the latest technologies and rules to protect your privacy. You can breathe easily knowing nobody will know you ordered a paper. Will you send my research summary to someone else too? Not at all! Every paper, regardless of the type, is written from scratch and sent to the client immediately. We do not keep or share your personal information and research summary with third parties. What are your policies regarding plagiarism? Plagiarism is one of the worst offenses and it is not tolerated. We do not condone such a behavior and always make sure your paper is 100% original and free of plagiarism. I wrote a research summary on my own, but want to check for plagiarism. Where can I do that? RobotDon comes to the rescue. Not only does the robot look cute, but he’s a great little helper. The platform allows you to check the paper for plagiarism, sentence structure, and other factors that contribute to the quality of research summary. Where can I learn more about online services for research summary writing? Feel free to contact us through live chat feature which is available 24/7. We are going to send a detailed response to your inquiry and provide the information you need. Job to get done / CTA The importance of a well-written research summary is tremendous. The paper informs readers about some specific research and how they can use it. When written as an assignment in school, research summary demonstrates one’s ability to write in a formal manner. It also shows your vocabulary skills, level of organization, reporting findings and information in a concise and specific manner, and the overall knowledge and approach to the subject. Improve your Research Paper Bearing in mind the importance of a research summary, the use of online tools and services can be of huge help. Our writing and editing services enhance the quality of your research paper in many ways. The paper we write or edit is error-free, has a rhythm that keeps the reader interested, and highlights all the key findings from the original file (yours or someone else’s). The summary is also perfectly styled, formatted, and organized. Raise your GPA (grade) Getting much-needed help from online tools and services can boost your grades. Your GPA is incredibly important for further stages of your education and employment. Everything you do as a student can either contribute to your GPA or ruin it. 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How to Use the Casual French Term Sympa

How to Use the Casual French Term Sympa Most people in France use the casual adjective sympa  (pronounced sam  pa) to mean nice when theyre describing a person or thing that they like. Its a very versatile word and can be used to express general affection for places, objects, and ideas or concepts in addition to people you know. French speakers also use sympa to mean pleasant, friendly, and good. Expressions and Usage There are any number of ways you can use sympa in everyday conversation. For instance: super sympa very niceavoir lair sympa to look kindElle est trà ¨s sympa. Shes a really nice person.Cest un type sympa. Hes a nice guy.   Cest un type  vraiment sympa. Hes a really nice guy.Il nest vraiment pas sympa.  Ã‚  Hes not very nice at all.type sympa, mec  sympa,  chic type, mec bien (very colloquial) nice guyMerci, cest sympa. Thanks, I appreciate it.   Ãƒâ€¡a va  Ãƒ ªtre  sympa. Thatll be nice.   Ton copain est super sympa ! Your boyfriend is really nice!Elle nest vraiment pas sympa. Shes not very nice at all.sympa, amusant,  drà ´le,  marant funAllez, sois sympa. Go on, be a sport.un coin sympa pour pique-niquer a nice spot for a picnicCeci est une touche trà ¨s  sympa.   This is a really  nice  touch.Ce nest pas trà ¨s  sympa  mais, aprà ¨s tout, on devait trouver une solution. Thats not very nice, but, after all, we had to find a solution.C’à ©tait aussi trà ¨s  sympa  de rencontrer plein d’autres co llà ¨gues de diffà ©rents pays. It was also very nice to see a lot of my colleagues from different countries. Peter,  sympa  mais avec grande gueule... Peter is a nice guy but he has a big mouth.Gà ©niale ! C’à ©tait  sympa  et enrichissant la fois. It was great! Fun and enriching at the same time.

Pronunciation-Based Changes in the Spanish Words for And and Or

Pronunciation-Based Changes in the Spanish Words for And and Or Two of the most common conjunctions in Spanish - y (meaning and) and o (meaning or) - can change spelling and pronunciation based on the word that follows. In that way, they are much like the a of English changing to an before a vowel sound. And, like the a-to-an change, the transformation is based on how the following word is pronounced rather than how it is spelled. When Do Y and O Change? Both the y and o changes help keep the conjunction from blending into the following word. (The blending of two words into what sounds like one is called elision when it involves the dropping or omission of sounds, and it is common in both English and Spanish.) Here are the changes that are made: Y becomes e when it precedes a word that begins with the i sound. Typically, y becomes e when it precedes most words that begin with i- or hi-.O becomes u when it precedes a word that begins with the o sound. Thus o becomes u when it precedes words words starting with o- or ho-. Because the changes are based on pronunciation rather than spelling, y does not change before words, such as hierba, that begin with the ia, ie, io, or iu sound, regardless of spelling. Those two-letter combinations are known as diphthongs; the initial sounds are very similar to the Spanish y sound when y comes before a vowel. Sample Sentences Showing Use of Y and O Reciben tratamiento cruel e inhumano. (They are receiving cruel and inhumane treatment. The y changes to e because the inhumano begins with the i sound.) Nuestro conocimiento nos enseà ±a dos cosas claras: posibilidades e imposibilidades. (Our knowledge teaches us two clear things: possibilities and impossibilities. The e is used because imposibilidades begins with the i sound.) Fabricamos barras e hilos de cobre. (We manufacture copper bars and wires. The e is used because hilos begins with the i sound even though the first letter is h.)   Est enteramente construido de nieve y hielo. (It is built completely of snow and ice. The y does not change because hielo begins with the ie diphthong.) Hay un equilibrio osmà ³tico y ià ³nico. (There is an osmotic and ionic equilibrium. The y is used because ià ³nico begins with the io diphthong.) Hay muchas diferencias entre catolicismo e hinduismo. (There are many differences between Catholicism and Hinduism. The y changes to e because hinduismo begins with the i sound even though its first letter is h.) Vendemos productos de limpieza e higiene. (We sell cleaning and hygiene products. Higiene begins with the i sound.) Usamos punto y coma para separar las frases u oraciones que constituyen una enumeracià ³n. (We use a semicolon to separate phrases or sentences that make up a list.) No recuerdo si fue ayer u hoy. (I dont remember if it was yesterday or today. Unlike with the changes involving y to e, the o changes even though oy is a diphthong.)  ¿Quà © operador de telà ©fonos ofrece las tarifas ms baratas para viajar a frica u Oriente Medio? (Which phone operator offers the lowest costs for traveling to Africa or the Middle East? The rule of changing o to u applies even if the word following is a proper noun.) La Can Make Similar Change The desire to keep the sounds of important words from being lost due to elision is also behind the changing of la to el in some circumstances with feminine sounds. Although there are exceptions, el is used instead of la before singular feminine nouns where the first syllable of the noun is stressed. Thus the eagle is el guila even though guila is feminine. The change doesnt occur with plural nouns or where the stress isnt on the first syllable. In standard written Spanish, una becomes un (meaning one, a, or and) under the same circumstances. Thus, an eagle is un guila. These changes and those involving y and o are the only situations where Spanish changes words depend on sounds that follow. Key Takeaways The Spanish conjugation y (meaning and) changes to e when the word that follows begins with the i sound.The Spanish conjugation o (meaning or) changes to u when the word that follows begins with the o sound.These changes are triggered by pronunciation only, not how a word is spelled.

World Bank and IMF Policies in Developing Countries Essay

World Bank and IMF Policies in Developing Countries - Essay Example This paper offers a thorough analysis of current economic policies of The IMF and the World Bank, and makes evaluation of their effectiveness. The difference in viewpoint on the role of global financial institution between world economists, makes for an importance of the essay The policies of the institutions advocate free trade, liberal markets, property rights, deregulation which have been suggested by a group of rich countries to poor countries without qualification in the past. In present times, a country must qualify for certain conditions and certain policies need to be avoided. By qualification, the economic need for the policy must be established first before World Bank or the IMF lends support for the policies. the IMF and World Bank policies for the developing countries of the world should be expanded to include other things like company accountability, social and personal responsibility, corruption mitigation, WTO agreements, control of quality standards, a free banking system, welfare systems. The IMF and the World Bank are acting to control and support the international system of fiscal dependency that connects one country to the rest of the world. Certainly the role has expanded beyond the original and it will continue to expand since there will always be nations that are relatively poor in comparison to rich ones. With the help of these bodies and the correct application of the policies a country can recover to become a productive member of the international community.

Effects of Implied Terms on Contract of Employment, a Judicial Review Essay

Effects of Implied Terms on Contract of Employment, a Judicial Review - Essay Example The employer is also bound to the employee under the implied terms of the employment contract by way of trust and confidence, payment of wages, provision of work and reasonable care. between the employer and employee. Under what circumstances the implied terms are applicable and also under what circumstance it is not applicable? What are the stands taken by the Court regarding the implied terms of the employment contract? Before proceeding to answer to theses question, firstly we shall explore the scope and applicability of implied terms in employment contract. As said above a contract gives both employee and employer certain rights and obligations. The most common example is that employee has a right to be paid for the work do. The employer has a right to give reasonable instructions to the employee for the work he entitled to do. These rights and obligations are called contractual terms. These contractual terms are two types. Express terms in an employment contract are those that are explicitly agreed between employee and employer and can include amount of wages, including any overtime or bonus pay hours of work, including overtime holiday pay, including how much time off you are entitled to sick pay redundancy pay and how much warning (notice) the employer must give you if you are dismissed. They are terms that have not been expressed orally or in writing but nevertheless form part of the contract of employment. Some are general such as the duty of each party to take reasonable care of each others property and to safeguard each others confidences. In Hagen and ors v ICI Chemicals and Polymers Ltd and ors (3) it was held that an employer owes his employees a common law duty of care to keep them adequately informed of the details of changes to their terms of employment which may follow from a company reorganization and can be sued for the tort of negligence if he is in breach of that duty.

The Tulsa Race Riots Of 1921 History Essay

The Tulsa Race Riots Of 1921 History Essay The Tulsa Race Riot of 1921 was one of the most traumatic race riots in the history of the United States. Evaluating the events in retrospect, its hard to explain how such an ordeal, starting with just a simple encounter in an elevator, could have escalated into one of the deadliest extra-military conflicts ever to take place on American soil. How was it that a scream heard by almost no one was able to directly trigger the amassing of thousands in an angry mob? And how did that unruly mob then gain assistance from the very authorities that were sent to put it down? I propose that this was all possible because of an element of racism known as representative realism which was facilitated by personal biases and sensationalist media accounts. The phenomenon of representative realism occurs when a subconscious set of mental filters developed from our beliefs and experiences weighs heavily in our interpretation of reality. In this particular instance, the filters were composed of racist ideas, causing certain truths to be warped by the biases of the observer. In this case, two truths were distorted, first, that concerning the events that sparked the riot, and, second, that concerning what was taking place during the riot itself. To understand all of this, we must first have a thorough knowledge of the events. This begins not with the firing of the first shots or even with the string of seemingly insignificant events that led to the first signs of difficulty. Rather, one must begin with the zeitgeist, and consider the world as Tulsans did in May of 1921. We need not only understand how this tragedy could happen, but why, in the end, it did. Of all the qualities that impressed visitors to the city of Tulsa in the days before the race riots, one of them was just how modern it was. Recently constructed office buildings stood downtown, motorized vehicles rumbled back and forth along Main Street, and rows of freshly painted houses stood in residential neighborhoods. Compared to other cities in the region, Tulsa was nothing less than a sensation. In fact, Tulsa has grown so much and so quickly that local tourism promoters called it the Magic City. However, the Chamber of Commerce brochures and postcards did not reveal everything. Tulsa was in some way, not one but two cities. In the shadow of the thriving center, there was a second community all unto itself. Some disparagingly called it Little Africa though in later years it became known simply as Greenwood. In early 1921, it was the home of almost ten thousand African-American men, women and children. 5, 6 Most residents of Tulsas primarily African American suburb came to Oklahoma, like their white neighbors during the great boom just before and after Oklahoma achieved statehood. Some came from Mississippi, some from Missouri, and others all the way from Georgia. For many, Oklahoma represented not only a chance to escape the harsh realities of race in their former Old South states, but literally a land of hope, a place to start over. The backbone of the community was Greenwood Avenue. Running for over a mile, the street had a certain symbolic meaning. Unlike Tulsas other streets, which crossed into both black and white neighborhoods, Greenwood Avenue was present only in the African American community.9 For a community of its size, the business district of Greenwood offered an impressive range of commercial structures. John and Loula Williams, who had a three story building on the northwest corner of Greenwood Avenue and Archer Street, also operated the Dreamland Theater, a 150 seat venue that offered live music and theatrical revues as well as silent films accompanied by pianist. Nearby where the buildings that housed nearly all of Tulsas black professional offices. There were no less than ten of each in all the major occupations and the greatest tally was fifteen the number of African American physicians in Tulsa at the time of the riots.11 The intellectual culture on Greenwood was also surprising, at least by standards within the region. There were not one but two black newspapers the Tulsa Star and the Oklahoma Sun. Afro-Americans were barred from using the new Carnegie library in the citys center, so a smaller black library branch was constructed, and came to be replete with its own unique offerings. Nationally recognized African American leaders like WEB Dubois had even taught in Tulsa before the riot. In addition, Greenwood was also home to a local league of businesses, several fraternal orders, a branch of the YMCA, and several womens clubs. The last of these was populated by the communitys secondary school teachers, the number of whom in employ was never less than thirty. Political issues of the day also attracted considerable interest. The Tulsa Star, in particular, provided not only comprehensive coverage of national, state and local political campaigns and election results, but also devoted considerable space to record activities in local clubs of black Democrats and Republicans. In addition, the Star also covered some quasi-political movements, including Marcus Garveys Universal Negro Improvement Association, various back-to-Africa movements, and some nationalist organizations. One such group, the African Blood Brotherhood, later claimed to have had a chapter on Greenwood before the riot.12 Around the neighborhood were many small stores, barbers, and two family-owned grocery markets. Prior to the riot, these businesses made Greenwood, on a per capita basis, one of the most financially successful African American communities in the country. Grit, hard work and determination were the main reasons for this success. Entrepreneurial spirit had been imported to Tulsa from small communities in the outlying rural areas. There were also other reasons. Tulsa booming economy was an important factor, as was the fact that, in general, Greenwood was basically the only the place where black Tulsans could chose to shop. Due to the citys mandate of residential segregation, blacks were generally barred from patronizing downtown shops owned by whites, or at least risk insult if they tried. While many black Tulsans made a conscious decision to sponsor the African American merchants, the fact of the matter is that that most had few other options.15 Despite the fact that this separation seemed to be becoming more entrenched during the months that preceded the riots, more than a few white Tulsans feared, usually due to sensationalist news reports, that the opposite was true. It was primarily the Tulsa Tribune that asserted that black Tulsa was on the rise toward equal status with white Tulsa. It was this idea of black Tulsas rising up both in an economic and combative sense that was created by the Tribune and some other, smaller news outlets. The Tribunes deliberately sensational articles would be the primary ideas or filters that later led to instances of representational realism. Anecdotal reports were issued about blacks Tulsans ignoring or challenging Jim Crow practices. Whites were angry at and jealous of the material success of Greenwoods elite a feeling that there was no doubt enhanced by equally sensational reports on the sharp fall in crude oil prices and the subsequent layoffs in the oil industry immediately prior to the riots. In the first weeks and months of 1921, white Tulsans were made to fear that the Color Line was not only in danger of being slowly erased, but felt that its erasure was already happening.42 Adding to this fear was the fact that, at the time, the vast majority of white Tulsans had almost no direct knowledge of the African American community. A handful of white-owned businesses existed on Greenwood and some whites occasionally visited the area for one reason or another, but most white Tulsans had never set foot in the African American neighborhood and had no desire to do so in the future. Most whites lived in all white neighborhoods, attended all white schools and churches, and worked mainly in all white environments. For most of Tulsas white population, the little they knew or thought they knew about the African-American community was based upon racial stereotypes, deeply rooted prejudices, and, most importantly, media-driven rumor and innuendo. Though heavily exaggerated and sometimes completely fabricated, newspaper accounts were not altogether unfounded. In the spring of 1921, serious racial troubles had been brewing not just in Tulsa but across America for some time. Few periods were as turbulent as the years surrounding World War I. In 1919, more than two dozen different race riots erupted in cities and towns across the country. Its important to note, however, these riots were not like those of the 1960s and 1990s, and were primarily characterized by white mobs invading African American neighborhoods, attacking African-American men and women, and burning down houses and businesses. There wasnt one single record of the inverse having occurred, a fact that Tulsas news outlets deliberately omitted. 19 Even prior to the riot, violence against black Oklahomans was part of the national unrest. Largely because of the conditions of frontier lawlessness, Oklahoma had long been plagued by lynchings. From 1911-1921, 23 such instances were reported in Oklahoma. All were vigilante actions and all 23 of the victims, save for one, were African Americans.30 Tulsa in particular had become a bustling center of Klan activity. Though there are no truly reliable records of membership, its estimated that there were 3200 Klansmen in Tulsa at the time of the riot. Other reports put the figure at as high as 6000. To give one a perspective on the pervasive nature of the Klan, an initiation ceremony was held south of the city during the summer that followed the riot. Over a thousand news members were brought in during that one evening. There were so many in attendance that a large traffic jam resulted on the road to the suburb of Broken Arrow, which sat along the route. It was within this cultural context that on May 30th, 1921, Dick Rowland, a black man, and Sarah Page, a white woman, had a short and initially insignificant encounter on an elevator. The scope of the event would be rapidly magnified as the story was repeatedly re-interpreted, each time filtering through the idea matrix of individuals with racial prejudice. Rowland was a black man of approximately 19 at the time that the riots took place, though the actual date of his birth has been a subject of some debate. He and his two sisters had been orphans and apparently lived on the streets of Vinita, where they slept and begged for food. When he was approximately six, Rowland was taken in by an African-American woman named Damien Ford, the proprietor of a small, Tulsa grocery store. Dick Rowland would grow up in Tulsa and eventually drop out of school to take a job shining shoes in a white-owned salon located downtown on Main Street. Shoe shines normally cost about a penny in those days, but the worker was usually tipped at least nickel for every shine and sometimes made much more. During a workday, a shoe shiner could pocket a lot of money. This was seen as an especially good prospect for a young African-American for whom there would be few other employment opportunities. There were no toilets at the salon where Dick Rowland worked. The owner had arranged it so that African-American employees could use the colored bathrooms, in the Drexel building across the street at 319 S. Main Street. To gain access to the toilet, which was located upstairs, Rowland and the other shoe shiners had to ride the buildings elevator. The lift was not automatic, and required an operator to be present at all times. This work was usually reserved for women.79 At the end of May 1921, the Drexel building elevator operator was a white woman of seventeen named Sarah Page. She had come to Tulsa from Missouri, and its assumed she lived in a rented room nearby on North Boston Avenue. In addition, it was reported that Page had enrolled herself in a local business school, a move that was almost necessary in order for her to stay competitive. While Tulsa was still riding its construction boom, some building owners had begun to recruit African-American women to perform as lift operators at a lower salary than their white counterparts.80 Dick Rowland and Sarah Page were both downtown on Monday, May 30th, 1921. At approximately 3pm Dick Rowland walked into Sarah Pages elevator. Seconds later, Page was heard screaming, and Rowland was seen exiting the building at a quickened pace. 82 There is a great deal of speculation and discussion concerning what actually took place within the confines of the elevator. Subsequent to the riot, the most common explanation was that Rowland had somehow tripped as he entered the elevator and, attempting to catch his fall, had grabbed Pages arm causing her to scream. Rowland then fled, naturally startled by her reaction. A separate theory asserts that the two were romantically involved and that Pages scream was the result of a lovers quarrel. Regardless, all who knew Rowland, black and white, proclaimed that he was completely incapable of the rape he would be accused of.83 The first to respond to Pages cry was an employee of Renbergs clothing store, an outlet on the Drexel buildings first floor. He heard Page scream and saw Rowland exit the building right after. He then hurried to the lift where he discovered the disheveled Page and then called the police. The police arrived, took reports from the employee and Page, and then began a low-key investigation. The next morning they arrested Rowland at home, and carted him off to the downtown jail for processing. Meanwhile, Richard Lloyd Jones, editor of the Tulsa Tribune, made contact both with the police and the Renbergs employee. It just so happened that the Tribune also had offices in the Drexel building and thus he found about the event shortly after it had occurred. When the newspaper contacted the police for comment, they were naturally tightlipped about an ongoing investigation, and thus Jones primary source was the Renbergs employee. That afternoon, he released the following article: Nab Negro for Attacking Girl in Elevator A Negro delivery boy who gave his name to the public as Diamond Dick but who has been identified as Dick Rowland, was arrested on South Greenwood Avenue this morning by Officers Carmichael and Pack, charged with attempting to assault the 17-year-old white elevator girl in the Drexel Building early yesterday. He will be tried in municipal court this afternoon on a state charge. The girl said she noticed the Negro a few minutes before the attempted assault looking up and down the hallway on the third floor of the Drexel Building as if to see if there was anyone in sight but thought nothing of it at the time. A few minutes later he entered the elevator she claimed, and attacked her, scratching her hands and face and tearing her clothes. Her screams brought a clerk from Renbergs store to her assistance and the Negro fled. He was captured and identified this morning both by the girl and the clerk, police say. Tenants of the Drexel Building said the girl is an orphan who works as an elevator operator to pay her way through business college.89 Immediately subsequent to this publication, talk of lynching began. Ross T. Warner, the manager of the downtown offices of the Tulsa Machine and Tool Company, wrote that after the Tribune came out that afternoon, the talk of lynching spread like a prairie fire.94 Talk soon turned into action. As word of the alleged sexual assault in the Drexel Building spread, a crowd of whites began to gather on the street outside of the Tulsa County Courthouse, in whose jail Dick Rowland was being held. As people got off of work, and the news of the alleged attack reported in the Tribune became more widely dispersed across town, more and more white Tulsans, infuriated by what had supposedly taken place in the Drexel Building, began to gather outside the courthouse at Sixth and Boulder. By sunset which came at 7:34 p.m. that evening observers estimated that the crowd had grown into the hundreds. Not long afterwards, cries of Let us have the nigger could be heard. 95 By 9:30 p.m., the white mob outside the courthouse had swollen to nearly two- thousand persons. They blocked the sidewalks as well as the streets, and had spilled over onto the front lawns of nearby homes. In the citys African American neighborhoods, meanwhile, tension continued to mount over the increasingly ugly situation down at the courthouse. Some of the men, however, decided that they could wait no longer. Hopping into cars, small groups of armed African American men began to make brief forays into downtown, their guns visible to passersby. As the black men were leaving the courthouse for the second time, a white man approached a tall African American World War I veteran who was carrying an army-issue revolver. Nigger, the white man said, What are you doing with that pistol? Im going to use it if I need to, replied the black veteran. No, you give it to me. Like hell I will. The white man tried to take the gun away from the veteran, and a shot rang out. Americas worst race riot had begun. 106 While the first shot fired at the courthouse may have been unintentional, those that followed were not. Almost immediately, members of the white mob and possibly some law enforcement officers opened fire on the African American men, who returned volleys of their own. The initial gunplay lasted only a few seconds, but when it was over, an unknown number of people perhaps as many as a dozen both black and white, lay dead or wounded.107 Outnumbered more than twenty-to-one, the black men began a retreating fight toward the African American district. With armed whites in close pursuit, heavy gunfire erupted again along Fourth Street, two blocks north of the courthouse.108 A short while later, a second , deadlier, skirmish broke out at Second and Cincinnati. No longer directly involved with the fate of Dick Rowland, the beleaguered second contingent of African American men were now fighting for their own lives. Heavily outnumbered by the whites, and suffering some casualties along the way, most were apparently able, however, to make it safely across the Frisco railroad tracks, and into the more familiar environs of the African American community.110 Shortly thereafter, whites began breaking into downtown sporting goods stores, pawnshops, and hardware stores, stealing or borrowing as some would later claim guns and ammunition. Dick Bardons store on First Street was particularly hard hit as well as the J.W. MeGee Sporting Goods shop at 22 W. Second Street, even though it was located literally across the street from police headquarters. The owner later testified that a Tulsa police officer helped to dole out the guns that were taken from his store.113 It appears that the first fires set by whites in black neighborhoods began at about 1:00 a.m. African American homes and businesses along Archer were the earliest targets, and when an engine crew from the Tulsa Fire Department arrived and prepared to douse the flames, white rioters forced the firemen away at gunpoint. By 4:00 a.m., more than two-dozen black-owned businesses, including the Midway Hotel, had been torched.121 On the evening of May 31st, the National Guard was deployed to diffuse the escalating conflict.At approximately 11:00 p.m., perhaps as many as fifty local National Guardsmen nearly all of whom had been contacted at their homes had gathered at the armory on Sixth Street. The Tulsa units of the National Guard were exclusively white. Once armed, guardsmen began to lead groups of armed whites on patrols of downtown streets. This activity was later taken over by members of the also all-white American Legion. Tulsa police officials also assisted the guard, presented the guardsmen with a machine gun mounted on the back of a truck. Taking the machine gun with them, about thirty guardsmen headed north, and positioned themselves along Detroit Avenue between Brady Street and Standpipe Hill, along one of the borders separating the citys white and black neighborhoods. The skirmish line that the National Guard officers established was set-up facing the African American district. Moreover, the guardsmen also began rounding up black Tulsans, whom they handed over as prisoners to the police. While some black Tulsans chose to stay and fight, most realized the futility of doing so and tried get themselves and their families to safety. They had been outmanned and outgunned when facing the white civilians alone. Now the opposition was assisted by the police and National Guardsmen. In the early hours of June 1, a steady stream of black Tulsans began to leave the city, hoping to find safety in the surrounding countryside. Early in the evening when there was first talk of trouble, Irene Scofield later told the Black Dispatch, I and about forty others started out of the town and walked to a little town about fifteen miles away. Others joining the exodus, however, were not as fortunate. Billy Hudson, an African American laborer who lived on Archer, hitched up his wagon as conditions grew worse, and set out with his grandchildren by his side for Nowata. He was killed by whites along the way.130 In the pre-dawn hours of June l, thousands of armed whites, led by National Guardsmen, had gathered in three main clusters along the northern fringes of downtown, opposite Greenwood. One group had assembled behind the Frisco freight depot, while another waited nearby at the Frisco and Santa Fe passenger station. Four blocks to the north, a third crowd was clustered at the Katy passenger depot. While it is unclear how many people were in each group, some contemporary observers estimated the total number of armed whites who had gathered as high as five or ten thousand.141 Several eyewitnesses later recalled that when dawn came at 5:08 a.m. that morning, an unusual whistle or siren sounded, perhaps as a signal for the mass assault on Greenwood to begin. Although the source of this whistle or siren is still unknown, moments later, the white mobs made their move. Crowds of armed whites poured across the Frisco tracks, headed straight for the African American commercial district.146 Numerous other eyewitnesses both black and white confirm the presence of an unknown number of airplanes flying over Greenwood during the early daylight hours of June 1. There is little doubt but that some of the occupants of the airplanes fired upon black Tulsans with pistols and rifles. Moreover, there is evidence, to suggest that men in at least one airplane dropped some form of explosives, probably sticks of dynamite, upon a group of African American refugees as they were fleeing the city.153 As the waves of white rioters descended upon the African American district, a deadly pattern soon emerged. First, the armed whites broke into the black homes and businesses, forcing the occupants out into the street, where the police and National Guard led them away at gunpoint to one of a growing number of internment centers. Anyone who resisted was shot. Moreover, African American men in homes where firearms were discovered met the same fate. Next, the whites looted the homes and businesses, pocketing small items, and hauling away larger items either on foot or by car or truck. Finally, the white rioters then set the homes and other buildings on fire, using torches and oil-soaked rags. House by house, block by block, the wall of flame crept northward, engulfing the citys black neighborhoods.155 Attempts by black Tulsans to defend their homes and property were undercut by the actions of both the Tulsa police and the local National Guard units, who, rather than focus on disarming or arresting the white rioters, took steps that led to the eventual imprisonment of practically all of the citys African American citizens. 162 As the morning wore on, and the fighting moved northward across Greenwood, the guardsmen who were positioned along the crest of Sunset Hill started to actively join in the invasion of black Tulsa, with one detachment heading north, the other to the northeast. As later described by Captain John W. McCuen in the after action report he submitted to the commander of Tulsas National Guard units: We advanced to the crest of Sunset Hill in skirmish line and then a little further north to the military crest of the hill where our men were ordered to lie down because of the intense fire of the blacks who had formed a good skirmish line at the foot of the hill to the northeast among the out-buildings of the Negro settlement which stops at the foot of the hill. After about 20 minutes of fire at will at the armed groups of blacks the latter began falling back to the northeast, thus getting good cover among the frame buildings of the Negro settlement. Immediately we moved forward, B Company advancing directly north and the Service company in a north-easterly direction.173 The guardsmen then came upon a group of African Americans barricaded inside a store, who were attempting to hold off a mob of armed white rioters. Rather than attempt to get the white invaders and the black defenders to disengage, the guardsmen joined in on the attack. Again, as described by Captain McCuen: At the northeast corner of the Negro settlement 10 or more Negroes barricaded themselves in a concrete store and dwelling and a stiff fight ensued between these Negroes on one side and guardsmen and civilians on the other. Several whites and blacks were wounded and killed at this point. 174 At approximately 11am on June 1st, the governor intervened, calling for martial law. State Troops were dispatched and began to move into what little remained of Tulsas African American neighborhoods, disarming whites and sending them away from the district. This brought the rioting to an end. 197 As previously stated , there were two truths distorted by representative realism. The first was that concerning the events that sparked the riot. It was a single cry by Sarah Page that set in motion the events that would ultimately leave half the city in devastation. This escalation occurred as the accounting of events proceeded along a chain of racially-biased informational relay. At each stage or link in the chain, representational realism resulted in dissonance between what actually took place and what was perceived and recounted to the next link. The Renbergs employee served as this chains first link. It is known that the employee heard what he took as a scream of distress, saw Rowland exit the building post-haste, and hurried to the lift where he discovered a discombobulated Page. The subsequent police report notes nothing of any bruising or turn clothing and, more importantly, it does not note that Sarah Page claimed to have been raped. What it does note, however, is the fervent assertion by the Renbergs employee that a rape did happen, despite simultaneously admitting that he hadnt actually seen anything happen. The second link in the chain was Richard Lloyd Jones, editor of the Tulsa Tribune. When Jones received the information from the Renbergs employee, it passed through Jones own filters which, in addition to including racist inclinations, caused him to interpret the information in terms of its usefulness in selling newspapers. Thus, he deliberately sensationalized the information resulting in the following days incendiary headline. The third and final link was the public who received the newspaper. Over the course of the weeks and months that proceeded, the Tribunes sensationalist stories had given them notion that a black uprising was imminent. When they later saw black Tulsans ride by the courthouse with their weapons on display, their analysis was filtered through this earlier notion, and led them to react as if an uprising was taking place, even though all evidence pointed to the contrary. Obviously a single carload of blacks had not intended to rise up against a thousand-strong mob of whites. This leads to the second, truth that was distorted by representative realism, which concerned what was actually taking place during the riot itself. It is apparent to any unbiased party that the black communitys position was defensive for the duration of the conflict, and it was the white community that was engaged in an uprising. The National Guardsman, however, responded as if the opposite were true. This is more serious than the similar behavior exhibited by white civilians, as the Guard was commissioned with the duty of restoring order. Moreover they were briefed in detail prior to being deployed. They were well aware that the riot began as an aggression toward the black community in response to an attempt by a small group of blacks to defend a prisoner from a lawless mob of whites. Nonetheless, arriving on the scene of the conflict already underway and seeing armed blacks take aim at opposing whites, its clear that the negro uprising idea filtered the guardsmens perception and resulted in an upside down assessment of the circumstances. This was the notion they abided despite the fact that almost all conflicts took place in the black part of town and the fact that the black side was almost always outnumbered. The most startling evidence of the role of representative realism was seen after the event, when National Guard officers were debriefed. Despite now being in a non-hostile environment and being put on record, several guardsmen actually used the phrase negro uprising and used the term enemy in reference to the black population they were dispatched to protect. Given the facts of what took place, it seems almost impossible for anyone to have come to the conclusion that Sarah Page was raped or that a Negro uprising was taking place on the following day. However, with the space of just a few hours, both of these beliefs were almost ubiquitous amongst a community of thousands. This is the power of representative realism. Once the right preconceived notions have been impressed, it only takes a certain trigger, and anyone, regardless of duty or morality, can be driven to do the extreme. Lawrence Alex Reed TERM PAPER Page 1 African-Americans Representative Realism and the Tulsa Race Riot Abroad

Advantages and Disadvantages in Sport Technology Essay

Technology in sports is constantly changing in today’s era. This change is making a big impact, whether the technology is a disadvantage to the sport and slows down the speed of the game or uses the technology to an advantage and speeds the game up to help make accurate calls. People are always looking for the technology to be able to get ahead of other opponents. The use of technology has crept into the athletes’ games. Technology may not be a drug but a large amount of people use it. It is hard to say whether the use of technology is more of an advantage or disadvantage. One of the main reasons technology compromise a sport experience is that people are watching the games at home instead of watching the games that are played live. Some people would rather stay at home than spend the money to go to the game. With the games being shown on television that means fewer supporters in attendance. Fewer supporters mean less money for the teams in terms of income and profits. The enhance experience of technology has made it easy for teams to know and learn about the opposite teams. Some people believe that it was necessary for technology. The technology used in the National Football League has come a long way. For example, the â€Å"1st and Ten† graphics system has enhanced the football game to another level. The purpose of the â€Å"1st and Ten† line is displayed in a yellow color that shows the yards needed to make a first down. This system displays live to the television viewers only, it does not physically show on the field of play. The example I chose that enhances or compromises the sport with technology is in football with the use of instant replay, during a National Football League game. Everyone knows that the umpire or the referee is not always right. With football, the coaches are allowed to throw out a flag of their own and challenge the call on the field. The challenges are made toward the disputed call made by the on-field referee and they pass it on to the television official. If the official did not get the call right and the instant replay shows it as such, the team retains the time out and wins the call. If the instant replay shows what the official called, the team loses the call and a time out. The monitors are positioned in several spots on the field so the camera can capture the play at different angles whether it is in slow motion or game speed. The technology of instant replay sounds good to the viewers at the game or at home, but there is a lot of pressure for the official to get the call right. The instant replay can distract the players from the game or make them lost momentum if the process takes too long. Some challenges are considered thoughtless or in vain as a distraction. There are problems with the instant replay system that needs to be leveled out, but the system allows the game to get a stage future in technology in sport. Possible guidelines for the use of technology in spot are first of all the instant replay. The officials in the booth should be able to make the decision about the disputed play to save time and keep the game going smoothly. As far as clothes goes, the Haptic Sports Garment is a clothing line that should not be used during game time. The garment helps the athlete to uphold the most advantageous speed. In relevance to the Internet, the applications Venuing and Twackle are used by fans where they get involved with the players and teams to much. Next is the use of the DVD. The player’s highlights are being displayed to the scouts to use them to their advantage. A scout should not be allowed to get a highlighted DVD of a player unless they have the player’s permission. Finally, the swimming designer Speedo’s that bonds seams ultrasonically and reduce drags with the fabric made of water-repellent should not be used if all the swimmers are not using them during the race.

The Crucible By Arthur Miller - 945 Words

Tommy In the play, The Crucible by Arthur Miller the line between faith and truth becomes quite blurred during the development of the drama. Even though the line is blurred by the events in the drama, Arthur Miller is making very clear statements about the line dividing faith and truth. Miller’s The Crucible is an allegory meant to be understood through various mediums as criticism of the 1950’s era of McCarthyism. The language and tone of characters in The Crucible through several settings and situations make it very clear what Arthur Miller s feelings are regarding truth and faith throughout the progression of the play. Miller uses specific language when trying to get across his feelings. Furthermore, faith and truth are prominent themes that deal with McCarthyism, which is what the play itself alludes to. Miller definitively states his position on faith when Reverend Hale in Act IV states Cleave †¦ when faith brings blood. He is stating that no moral, idea, or belie f should result in the loss of life no matter how virtuous the cause may seem. Also, declaring seconds later that â€Å"Life is God’s most precious gift† going against the Puritan theological belief that salvation is God’s most precious gift. This is a rebuttal to the authoritarian conviction that nothing is more important than God. Even the taking of life is seen as a necessary precaution for the good of the community; although through the language used by Hale, Miller is stating the faithShow MoreRelatedThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1269 Words   |  6 PagesAt first glance, the playwright Arthur Miller in The Crucible highlights the historical significance of the Salem Witch Trials of 1692, but in fact it is an allegorical expression of his perception of McCarthyism. If the reader has some background information on Arthur Miller’s victimization as a communist, it is evident that the play is a didactic vessel illustrating the flaws of the court system in the 1950’s. The communist allegations were launched at government employees, entertainers and writersRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1681 Words   |  7 Pagesof their way to the last dying breath to make sure they leave with a good or bad reputation. In one of the recent literature study in class â€Å"The Crucible† by Arthur Miller, Miller uses characterization to illustrate reputation throughout the play. â€Å"The Crucible† takes place in Salem, Massachusetts. It is based upon the Salem witch trails. In â€Å"The Crucible†, we journey through the life of three characters who reputations plays a major role in the play. 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The Salem Witch Trials were intended to be performed as the play however, when read, it can be more carefully examined and broken down to analyze the techniques. Miller, the playwright, uses literaryRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1145 Words   |  5 PagesUnbalance Through The Centuries In Arthur Miller’s play, The Crucible, the author reflects the persecution of communists in America in the 1950’s through a recount of the Salem witch trials. It is often presumed that Miller based his drama directly off of events that were particularly prevalent in the years surrounding the publication of The Crucible- which was released in the year 1953, towards the conclusion of the Korean War. Although there was not a literal witch hunt occurring during this timeRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1063 Words   |  5 PagesIn the English dictionary, there are three definitions of the word crucible. One is a metal container in which metals are mixed and melted. Another is a severe test. But the third definition, and the one that I think fits the best for this book, is a place or situation in which different elements interact to create something new. In my mind, this fits because all of the characters had their little grudges and dirty secrets. But when all th ose seemingly little things interact, they formed somethingRead MoreThe Crucible By Arthur Miller1285 Words   |  6 Pages Rationale, Morality, Stereotypes, Pressure, Self-Censorship, Unanimity, and Mindguards. Groupthink has also taken place in our history a a country. The play, The Crucible by Arthur Miller is about a the real-life Salem Witch Trials that happened in 1692 - 1693, in Salem, Massachusetts. Some symptoms of Groupthink found in the Crucible are Rationale, Pressure, and Self-Censorship. 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Where Have All the Criminals Gone - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1157 Downloads: 10 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Argumentative essay Tags: Act Essay Criminal Justice Essay Did you like this example? Reading Analysis of â€Å"Where Have All the Criminals Gone?† Student Name Course Name Professor Name Date Introduction From the book â€Å"Freakonomics† the authors Levitt and Dubner in Chapter â€Å"Where Have All the Criminals gone? talk about the connection amid diverse intervals and their impact on America’s crime rates levels from the 1990’s. The authors states that violent crimes amid 1988 and 1994, in the early on legalizing states were cut down. Levitt and Dubner sustains their point by recommending how explicit laws from the past- abortion laws, escalating the number of police officers, gun control laws, and additional pioneering policing strategies- how it might or might not have affected the rate of crime. In this paper I have used Wolcott’s â€Å"Steps for Better Thinking† for providing an explanation to the author’s debate regarding the chapter of â€Å"Where Have All the Crim inals gone? Identifying of unstructured problem The writers’ rationale is to propose their analysis to what in fact affected the striking changes in the rate of crime in order to refute the underlying principle that criminologists offered and demonstrate that there are a variety of ways one can employ a situation. The authors converse in a realistic tone for persons who care regarding American’s history of law and crime. Framing of unstructured problem The authors introduce the chapter Where Have All the Criminals gone? by telling a tale in relation to the communist dictator of Romania, Nicolae Ceausescu, who was removed from power by his own people. Paradoxically, the revolution was lead by many youths who were born as an effect of his law of anti-abortion. The story represents a major concern that kids who are born to poor mothers, habitually single and poor, are additional expected to turn into implicated in crime. This tale is important in how authors stru cture the problem. They as well employ the chapter title to depict the predicament they are signifying in the chapter. The dilemma they presents is to discover the source of the unexpected plunge in rates of crime in the 1990s in the U.S.. For the rationale of their investigation the authors puts the dilemma in a social circumstance as countered to a statistical one. For instance, the chapter title as well symbolizes that it is the criminals that have vanished and not the rate of crime. Authors employ numerical analysis to depict the correlation and casual amid divergent events. Despite the fact that that Authors are endeavoring to display a fundamental link amid legalized abortion and fall in rates of crime, they identifies that there can be additional than just one response to the dilemma. Resolving of unstructured problem While exploring the reasonable substitute solutions, authors as well exhibits a considerable order in how they clarifies these solutions. Authors discover the majority unexpected notations in explaining the crime fall rate: innovative policing strategies, increased dependence on prisons, transforms in crack and additional markets of drug, gun-control tougher laws, enlarged number of police, and several more. As they have completed to these reasons, the authors additional clarify to a more thoroughly analysis in the additional chapters to articulate their key points. Consequently, since of their extensive employ of data, its established to be strong point of the factual novel. Authors systematize the easy looking chart offered by the Database of LexisNexis and organize these accounts in expressions of controversy. He initiates out with the slightest controversial: the sturdy economy and wind up with the mainly controversial: the validation of abortion. The sort of controversy as Authors set out on to establish, has a result on the effect. The slightest controversial appears to have modest merit as the on the whole source of the proble m whereas the majority controversial has the mainly merit in the case. They affirm that the abortion legalization in 1973 in the course of Roe v. Wade was a most significant contributor, their way of thinking being that, as if they have not been aborted, a lot of additional children would have been unwanted growing up and/or living in hard socioeconomic conditions. Fewer kids in demographics statistically to be expected to turn out to be criminals interprets to lesser criminals descending the street. Re-addressing the unstructured problem The authors conclude that legitimate abortion lead to less unwantedness; and unwantedness led to higher rate of crime; lawful abortion, consequently, lead to lesser rate of crime (p. 140). As we can observe, the abortion legalization verdict of the Supreme Court case Roe vs. Wade, and rates of crime are entirely issues of sociopolitical. Whats further, if abortion legalization leads to reduction of crime rates and the unavailability of lawful abortions directs to superior rates of crime, then we can as well perceive how mankinds interface with each other in expressions of non-living entities and with sexuality, such as laws, can straightforwardly control our surroundings, creating this issue of sociopolitical a ideal topic to learn beneath environmental science. More specially, creation of mankinds of a non-living law to make legal abortion straightforwardly effected the surroundings by reducing rates of crime, while the procedure of non-living of averting abortions affected the surroundings by leading to inflated rates of crime. Perhaps killing kids at the present leads to a fall in crime later (ignoring the fact that these children are themselves being killed in a violent manner). Killing everybody who commends a crime would plunge the rate of repeat criminal to zero, however we know that it wouldn’t be in any way moral. We’ve hear it a hundred times: the conclusion doesn’t validate the means. Abortion is merely a fine means of sinking crime if it is good in itself, or at any rate neutral. However it’s not. Bottom of Form Conclusion There have been several critiques to claim of author’s, a lot of written by people with a great deal superior perceptive of statistical analysis economics and. And in turn, the authors have work to openly act in response to the criticism. The inducement was a great deal lower than the hazard of having to murder someone or being murdered. In the case of legal abortion, the authors clarify; it was a bigger inducement for women as they were capable to choose when they desired to have kids. Consequently a lot of abortions were executed in the initial year alone subsequent to abortion was made lawful. In addition, the authors disputes that had it not been for Roe vs. Wade, these kids would have been living at present, growing up in unsteady surroundings and mainly to be expected to be criminals. Subsequent to considerable arithmetical analysis, evaluation and reasoning of diverse criterion, Authors attains at a conclusion that abortion legalization post Roe vs. Wade and rate of crime fall of the 1990s were related casually. In the course of the examination of his assertion, Authors are capable to productively keep out the likelihood of concurrence between abortion legalization and drop in crime-rate. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Where Have All the Criminals Gone?" essay for you Create order